Decarbonizing apparatus



G. Ff'rHoMAs 1,903,016

DECARBONIZING APPARATUS' I "IMM Illlanl uillwmf Fild June 17, 1930 Match 28, 1933.

Patented Maf. 28,1933

UNITED. STATES PATENT oFFlcE GEORGE F. THOMAS, F BEBWY'N, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TQ ALEMITE BPORATION,

Y 0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS,` A CORPORATION 0F DELAWARE vmacamxoirrzrivef ArrAnA'TUs Application nied'Iune 17,

My invention relates to apparatus for use in supplying decarbonizing solvents to the cylinders of an internal combustion engine.

A It has been found to be effective in removing carbon from the cylinders in internal combustion engines to inject a certain quantity of a suitable solvent into the cylinders. This solvent loosens the carbon deposits so that they may be discharged vthrough the manifold upon operation of the engine.

In the copending joint application of myself, Olaf Ternstrom and Rawson Lile, Serial No. 399,433, led October 14, 1929, is disclosed a pumping device for injecting carbon solvents intothe cylinders of an'engine to decarbonize or remove carbon deposits from the engine.

My present invention relates directly to the apparatus disclosed in the above-mentioned copending application and is an improvement thereon.

It has been found that the use of a decarbonizing injector of this type requires the injection of liquid into spark plug ports of engines of different makes and sizes, some having a shallow combustion chamber, some a deeper one, others a short spark plug port, and still others a relatively longer one, and therefore it is highly desirable to provide a means whereby one injector may .be used universally to inject liquidinto all of the various types and sizes and makes of combustion engines now in use. One of the main requirements is to locate the atomizing or spraying point of the nozzle directly in the center of the combustion chamber or as near thereto as possible in order to insure an even and equal distribution of the liquid throughout the combustion chamber. By providing a readily adjustable nozzle for use'on such an apparatus, I overcome the necessity of having a special compressor for each of the different types of combustion chambers.

It is an object of my invention to provide an improved liquidv injecting device or decarbonizing apparatus of the type described in the above-mentioned copending application.

Another object ci my, invention is to pro- 50 vide an adjustable nozzle for such an injector 1930. Serial No. 461,812.

for supplying carbon solvent` to various types of combustion chambers. j

Another object of my invention is to provide an adjustable nozzle for supplying carbon solvent to the combustion chambers of engines having different sized cylinder heads and Ispark plug ports.

Another object of my invention is to provide `improved means for Vquickly effecting such an adjustment of the nozzle so that the device may be readily applied to different sized cylinder heads. i And still another object of my invention is to provide improved means of maintaining the position of the nozzle when once adjusted and prevent accidental change of this adjustment during the operation of the injector.

Other objects and advantages of my inven- E tion will readily become apparent from the following detailed description and from the accompanying drawing, in which similar characters of reference indicate similarparts throughout the several views.

Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of la liquid pumping device, including the improved form of nozzle of my invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view j A of the nozzleportion of the pumping device shown in Fi 1;

Fig. 3 is a gragmentary cross-sectional view 80 of a combustion chamber illustrating the' manner in which my device is applied, and.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view of a different type of combustion chamber illustrating the manner in which my device is applied.

Referring now to the drawing, in Fig. 1 I have illustrated a pumping device such as is disclosed inthe said joint copending application, Serial No. 399,433, which comprises a body member 5 having a cylinder 6 formed therein. A boss 7 is formed on the body 5 and contains a passageway 8 which communicates with the cylinder 6. A container 9 of the solvent to be used in removing carbon from the engine is mounted on the boss 7 by a quick. detachable leak proof connecting means carried by an axially bored plug 10. This connection is shown in the copending 100 i to the end oli the plunger the aperture 22 in the plug 21,

`ing the outward movement of the plunger 15. Theorward end of the cylinder 6 communiing disc 38 secured at its lower or outer titi .sides ot the head 37 of plunger 15 and a packing nut 17 threaded' in the end ot the cylinder 6 holds the packingA inplace to prevent leakage while permitting reciprocation of the plunger 15.

A cylindrical shell 19 is mounted at one end of' the body 5 by threads 20 and the other end is partially closed by a screw plug 2l having an aperture 22 therein. A plunger rod 23 is screw-threaded to the plunger l5 at 24 and passes through the aperture 22 in the plug 2l. A suitable handle 25 is secured ingthe plunger l5.

rf lhe' plunger rod 23 is crimped at 23 to serve as a stop when engaging the edges el Cates with two branched outlets 28 and 29, respectively, each ot which are screw-threaded to receive a plug 30, which is shown in Fig. 1 screwed into the outlet 28. A nozzle 31 is screw-threaded at one end 32. and adapted to tit in either the outlet 28 or outlet 29 and -is shown in the drawing, threaded in the outlet 29.

The interior 0i the nozzle has a longitudinal bore 34 which extends throughout its length and is slightlyreduced at its lower end to *form a shoulder 35, as shown in Fig. 2. A valve stein 36 is reciprocably mounted within the longitudinal bore 34 and has a head 37 formed at its upper end and. a toothed sprayen A compression spring 39 surrounds the stein 36 and is seated at one end on the shoulder 35, while. the other end engages the under the stem 36. The toothed spraying disc 38 is provided with teeth 38". of the center hub oi the disc 38 forms a valve 49 which is adapted to seat on the end 41 oi the nozzle 31, as illustrated in Fig. 2. lt will loe noted that the spring 39 normally raises 'the headed stem 36 and maintains the valve 40 against its seat 41, thereby closing the end of the passageway in the nozzle 31. lt will also be noted that pressure upon the head 37 of the .stem 36 will compress the spring 39 and move the combined spraying disc 38 and shown in Figs. 3 and 4, thereby opening the end of the passageway 34 to permit discharge of the solvent into the interior of the combustion chamber. l

A metal cap or guard 60 is provided for protecting the spraying disc and .nozzlewhen the injector is not in' use and is shown attached to the injector lin a suitable manner rod 23 'for operat thereby limitu 4 Fig. 1, as

YEhe inner conical surface valve closure 40 downwardly, as

by a chain 61. The guard is adapted to be placed on the nozzle as shown in Fig. 2.

In the nozzle of my invention, trated in Fig. 2, an internally screw-threaded sleeve- 45 is mounted on a projecting screwthreaded rib 46 at the upper yend of the nozzle 31 .and surrounds the outer surface of the nozzle with considerable clearance throughout the major portion of its length.y A second sleeve 47 surrounds the outer surface of the `nozzle 31 and slides thereon and its upper end is provided with external screw threads for engaging the internal threads ot the sleeve 45. lt will thus be noted that the second sleeve 47 may be moved upwardly and downwardly upon the nozzle 31 by screw-` threading the sleeve 47 into and out ot the sleeve 45. 7llhis rotation of thesleeve 47 is accomplished by means oi an adjusting nut 4?. A leak-proof gusset 48 is suitably mounted in a groove 49 at the lower endl of ne sleeve 47 to provide a projecting shoul- An adapter 51 lits over the lower end of the nozzle 31 and is split and sprung outwardly to rictionally engage the nozzle. lliis adapter is placed over the nozzle from the lower end and pressed upwardly against the gasket 48 aiding in maintaining the gasket on its seat. lThe adapter 51 is to be used on the nozzle for large spark plug ports to provide a firm seat. it the spark plug port is of small diameter the adapter 5l may be removed during the spraying operation.

llt will be noted that the upper end ot the sleeve 47 is splitst 50, these upper end portions being sprung inwardly so that when screwed into the sleeve Ll5 they will press outwardly and. thus cling more securely to the internal threads in the sleeve 45. rlhe possibility of as illuslll] 3 shows a tragmentary view of the When the operator of the combustion engine wishes to use the device of my invention 'to inject decarbonizing solvent into the combustion chamber of the engine, engine until it is hot, removes a spark plug, and inserts the nozzle 31 of the injector into the spark plug openings 57 or 59, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, with the gasket 48 abutting the top ot the cylinder head. A container of decarbonizing solvent is mounted on my de he runs the passageway 36 under pressure, whereupon` the pressure of the solvent upon the head 37 will compress the spring 39 and move the stem 36 downwardly to move the combined spraying disc 38 and valve closure 40 away from the seat 41 and allow solvent to be sprayed by the spraying disc 38, and thus distribute it evenly to all parts of the combustion chamber, as is more completely described in my copending ap lication. When the plunger 15 reac es the limit of its discharge stroke, the pressure on the head 35 will be reduced and the valve 4() will be reseated at the `ends of the nozzle 31 and prevent further discharge of liquid. The spark plug may then be replaced and a second spark plug removed from the nextsucceeding cylinder and the same operation performed until all of the cylinders have been charged with decarbonizing solvent. The reason for removing but one spark plug at a time vis to prevent the cylinders from cooling off before the solvent, is injected as each must be thoroughly warm for efficient results.

In the use of an injector having an adjustable nozzle of my invention, the operator first determines the exact distance between the spraying disc 38 and gasket 48 which will benecessary to locate the spraying disc in the center of the combustion chamber of the engine. This will be entirely dependent on the depth of the spark plug port and the size of the combustion chamber, the main object of course being to locate the spraying disc or atomizing point as nearly equi-distant from the top as from the bottom of the com-- bustion chamber `to insure a proportionate distribution of liquid. This adjustment may be accomplished by rotating the sleeve 47 about the discharge nozzle 31 by means' of the adjusting nut 47 within the sleeve 45 until the correct adjustment is obtained.

Should the operator then desire to lspray the interior of a combustion chamber of much narrower width and having a spark plug port relatively shallower than that shown in Fig. 3, the sleeve 47 may be unscrewed from the sleeve the desired -distance which will bring the spraying disc portion closer to the gasket shoulder portion 48', as shown in Fig. 4, and thus provide a proper adjustment for discharging liquid to a smaller or narrower combustion chamber. As illustrated in the drawing, the outer surface of the sleeve 47 may be calibrated to correspond with the proper adjustment .which shall be necessary,l for example, to spray liquid to the combustion chambers of various popular makes of automotive vehicles. The as? erator may then predetermine the proper a justment necessary and set the nozzle by* means of the calibrations to the required depth of the combustion chamber and proceed to inject the carbon dissolving liquid.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is g l. In a device for supplying liquid to the combustion chamber of an internal combusasy tion engine, a spray nozzle for linsertion in the spark plug port of the lcombustion chamber, means :for adjusting the amount of the spray nozzle which shall be extended into -the spark plug port, said means comprising a sleeve rotatably surrounding said nozzle and screw-threaded thereto, and a shoulder for engaging the edges of the spark plug port formed on said sleeve whereby the amount of the spray nozzle which shall enter the spark plug port may be readily varied by rotation of the sleeve.

2. ln a device for supplying liquid to the combustion chamber of an internal ,combustion engine, a high compression nozzle communicatng with a compressor cylinder for receiving liquid therefrom for insertion in the spark plugport of the combustionchamber, a valve in said nozzle normally closing. the

-outletand adapted to be, opened by an increase lin pressure in the compression nozzle, a spraying tip formed on said valve to distribute liquid to the combustionchamber, and a sleeve lsurrounding the high compression nozzle and screw-threadedly secured thereto, having a ,shoulder-formed at the lower end ofsaid sleeve for engaging the edges of the spark plug port of the combustion chamber, whereby the distance between the spraying tip and said shoulder may readily be varied.V

3. In a device for supplying a carbon re'l movingl liquid to the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, a` high compression nozzle carried by a Pump for supplying liquid thereto, the end o said nozzle belngadapted to enter the spark plug port of a com ustion engine, a spraying tip formed on the end of said nozzle, and a sleeve surrounding said nozzle and screw-threadedly secured thereto, having a shoulder at its lower vend adapted to engage the outer edge ofthe spark plug port whereby upon rotation of said sleeve, the distance lietween the spraving tip and said shoulder 4may readilyibe va 4. ln a device for supplying a carbonl removing liquid to the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, a discharge nozzle adapted for mounting on a pump for supplying liquid thereto and shaped to enter 'the spark plug port of a combustion engine, a sleeve surrounding said nozzle and having a shoulder to abut against the cylinder head around said spark plug port, and a frictional- 

